作业要求来自：

1.从新闻url获取新闻详情： 字典,anews

2.从列表页的url获取新闻url：列表append(字典) alist

3.生成所页列表页的url并获取全部新闻 ：列表extend(列表) allnews

*每个同学爬学号尾数开始的10个列表页

4.设置合理的爬取间隔

源代码如下：

import requestsimport refrom bs4 import BeautifulSoupfrom datetime import datetimeimport pandas as pdimport timeimport random#从新闻url获取新闻详情： 字典,anewsdef click(url):#获取点击次数    id=re.findall('(\d{1,5})',url)[-1]    clickUrl='http://oa.gzcc.cn/api.php?op=count&id={}&modelid=80'.format(id)    res=requests.get(clickUrl)    newsClick=res.text.split('.html')[-1].lstrip("('").rstrip("');")    return newsClickdef newsdt(showinfo):#转换成datetime类型    newsDate=showinfo.split()[0].split(':')[1]    newsTime=showinfo.split()[1]    newsDT=newsDate+' '+newsTime    dt=datetime.strptime(newsDT,'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')    return dtdef new(url):#获取校园的点击次数，时间，标题    newsDetail={}    res=requests.get(url)    res.encoding='utf-8'    soup=BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser')    newsDetail['nenewsTitle']=soup.select('.show-title')[0].text    showinfo=soup.select('.show-info')[0].text    newsDetail['newsDT']=newsdt(showinfo)    newsDetail['newsClick']=click(url)    #newsDetail['newDesc']=soup.select('.news-list-description')[0].text    return newsDetail#listUrl='http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/'#print(soup)def alist(url):#从列表页的url获取新闻url：列表append(字典) alist    res=requests.get(listUrl)    res.encoding='utf-8'    soup = BeautifulSoup(res.text,'html.parser')    newsList = []    for news in soup.select('li'):        if len(news.select('.news-list-title'))>0:           newsUrl=news.select('a')[0]['href']#获取链接           #print(newsUrl)           newsDesc=news.select('.news-list-description')[0].text           newsDict=new(newsUrl)           newsDict['description']=newsDesc           newsList.append(newsDict)    return newsList        #print(newsList)                #alist(listUrl)i=int(soup.select('#pages')[0].text.split('..')[1].rstrip(' 下一页 '))#获取校园新闻的页数，去除多余的东西allnews=[]for i in range(96,106):#获取96~106页数的校园新闻的各项信息，生成所页列表页的url并获取全部新闻 ：列表extend(列表) allnews    listUrl='http://news.gzcc.cn/html/xiaoyuanxinwen/{}.html'.format(i)    allnews.extend(alist(listUrl))            for i in range(5):#设置合理的爬取间隔        time.sleep(random.random()*3)        newsdf = pd.DataFrame(allnews)#转化为二维的表格型数据结构newsdf

运行结果如下图所示：

 

5.用pandas做简单的数据处理并保存

保存到csv或excel文件 

import sqlite3newsdf.to_csv(r'F:\gzccnews.csv')

 

运行结果：

成功保存到了F盘中的gzccnews5.csv中

 

保存到数据库

import sqlite3with sqlite3.connect('gzccnewsdb5.sqlite') as db:    newsdf.to_sql('gzccnewsdb5',db)with sqlite3.connect('gzccnewsdb5.sqlite') as db:    df2=pd.read_sql_query('SELECT * FROM gzccnewsdb5',con=db)    df2[df2['newsClick']>300]

 运行结果：